Pinus_Halepensis

=//__Etymology__//=
 * Pinus halepensis L.**
 * Synonymous: Pinus maritima ssu. Lamb, P. resinosa ssu. Lois, P. arabica Sieber, P. hispanica S.E. Cook, P. alepensis Poir, P. carica Don, P. hierosolimitana Duh**
 * The name derives from the Celt "Pen" (head). Halepensis derives from Aleppo city of Syria.**
 * In the different languages we find denominations so changed like:**
 * Spanish: Pino carrasco, pincarrasco, pino carrasqueño, pino blanquillo, pino de Alepo.**
 * Catalan: Pi bord, pi blanc, pi nas, pi melich, pi garriguenc.**
 * Basque: Izai.**
 * Alemany: Aleppo-Kiefer, Seekiefer.**
 * English: Aleppo pine.**
 * French: Pin d'Alep.**
 * Italian: Pino d'Aleppo.**
 * Portuguese: Pinheiro de Alepo.**

=__//Description//__=

The Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis) is a pine native to the Mediterranean region. The range extends from Morocco and Spain north to southern France, Italy and Croatia, and east to Greece and northern Libya, with an outlying population (from which it was first described) in Syria (including Aleppo), Jordan and Israel. It is generally found at low altitudes, mostly from sea level to 200 m, but can grow at an altitude of up to 1000 m in southern Spain, and up to 1700 m in the south, in Morocco and Algeria It is a small to medium-size tree, reaching 15-25 m tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 60 cm, exceptionally up to 1 m. The bark is orange-red, thick and deeply fissured at the base of the trunk, and thin and flaky in the upper crown. The leaves ("needles") are very slender, 6-12 cm long, distinctly yellowish green and produced in pairs (rarely a few in threes). The cones are narrow conic, 5-12 cm long and 2-3 cm broad at the base when closed, green at first, ripening glossy red-brown when 24 months old. They open slowly over the next few years, a process quickened if they are exposed to heat such as in forest fires. The cones open 5-8 cm wide to allow the seeds to disperse. The seeds are 5-6 mm long, with a 20 mm wing, and are wind-dispersed Aleppo Pine is closely related to the Turkies Pine,Canary island Pine and Maritime Pine which all share many of its characteristics. Some authors include the Turkish Pine as a subspecies of the Aleppo Pine, as Pinus halepensis subsp. brutia (Ten.) Holmboebut it is usually regarded as a distinct species.It is a relatively non-variable species, with its morphological characteristics staying constant over the entire range. It is widely planted for timber in its native area, being one of the most important trees in forestry in Algeria and Morocco.It is also a popular ornamental tree, extensively planted in parks and gardens in hot dry areas such as southern California, where its considerable heat and drought tolerance is highly valued. However, the tree is also considered a feral weed on South Australia'sEyre Peninsula, where an eradication program is in place.


 * //[[image:250px-Pinus_halepensis_foliage.jpg width="424" height="176"]]

By_Zoe Martín //**